There are halls and temples on the front and back of Longevity Hill, and there are many towers and pavilions on the hill. The buildings on the mountain are colorful, if you have free time, you must go for a walk. After the catastrophe in the tenth year of Xianfeng (AD 1860), the reconstruction projects during the Guangxu period were concentrated in the front mountain, and the buildings in the back mountain were basically abandoned. Therefore, there are not many buildings in the Qingyi Garden period that can be seen, and there are a few newly added buildings sporadically.
Enter from the East Palace Gate, pass the North Side Hall and the Yannian Well, go north, pass the east side road outside the Dehe Garden, and approach the place where Ziqi comes to Chengguan from the east, there is a small path up the mountain.
Along this path, you can walk up to the eastern foot of Wanshou Mountain. Not far up, there is a pavilion, a grass pavilion.
The grass pavilion sits east and faces west, with three rooms wide and one room deep, with slope tops on both sides. Columns and beams are all peeled logs, and all rafters and purlins are rough and original.
Through the gap between the rafters, you can see the watch board laid on it. The watch board is not covered with tiles, but with stone slabs. Therefore, this pavilion is also called "Stone Pavilion". There are lintels up and down between the pillars, and the door is opened in the open. All wooden components are not painted or made of ground poles, which is the original ecology. It seems that this is a village-level pavilion. However, the upper and lower lintels and plinths exposed its royal status.
In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900 A.D.), after the Reform Movement of 1898, Cixi wanted to abolish the emperor and establish a reserve, but the Western powers strongly opposed it. Cixi failed to establish a crown prince, and also changed her admiration for foreigners to hatred of foreigners. The Boxer Rebellion broke out that year, and Cixi used the Boxer Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty with her fists to help the Qing Dynasty and destroy the foreigners, and began to vigorously exclude foreign countries. Britain, Russia, Japan, France, Italy, the United States, Germany, and Austria formed an allied force to invade Beijing in the name of suppressing the Boxer Regiment. In fact, they wanted to carve up China. Among them, there are many Vietnamese soldiers in the French army, and many Indian soldiers in the British army. Part of the reason why China has fought against India, Vietnam and Japan again in modern times is that they feel that they have defeated the Qing Dynasty in history, and they still want to continue to bully China.
The Eight-Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The Empress Dowager Cixi saw that the bandits were powerful, so she had to retreat westward with Emperor Guangxu's concubines to avoid the bandits. The group of imperial refugees who had withdrawn from the palace left Beijing from Juyongguan and ran westward, claiming to be Xishou, but in fact they went into the mountains to join forces with the wolf. Although Cixi lost his helmet and armor and fled west hunting, it was very embarrassing, but he was much better than the son Chong'er back then. At least she didn't eat dirt like Chong'er, and none of her ministers cut shares to serve the king like Jie Zitui. Empress Dowager Cixi only returned to the palace after a year of escape, because she had promised the money and territory requested by eight foreigners in the "Xin Chou Treaty". When leaving Beijing, it was a difficult journey, but the smooth journey back to the palace was full of delicious food and spicy food. In the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu, Cixi went to the Summer Palace to check the destruction of the Eight-Power Allied Forces. He collected some money again and repaired the garden. When it was rebuilt, this grass pavilion was built here to commemorate Xishou. Don't forget that tragedy.
In addition to this grass pavilion, you can also see another building built at the same time when you go north, which is Lenongxuan.
Le Nongxuan is five rooms wide and one room deep, with doors open in the open room, sill walls and windows between the second room and the tip, and tiger skin stones pasted on the sill walls. The doors and windows are all in the form of logs, and only a little powder is applied at the ends of the square columns. On the top is the hard mountain top of the beam-lifting single-eave rolling shed, look at its tiles.
It is said that this is a simulation of the bluestone slate tiles on the farmhouse roofs seen on Xishou Road, let's take a look at the bluestone slab roofs of poor farmhouses.
Although Le Nongxuan looks like a farm house, in fact, if you look closely, there are still many tricks. Although these tricks are not royal styles, they are only available to large private families.
The plaque of Le Nongxuan is a new work in recent years. The "happy" should not be pronounced happy, but "yao", which means liking, such as "those who know enjoy water, and those who are benevolent enjoy mountains." The word Le was made in ancient times, Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty wrote "Le" in cursive script, and later it was converted into "Le" in regular script, and finally became the regular simplified Chinese character. In some local dialects, "Le" is pronounced as "yao", for example, music is read as "yinyao", which is an ancient dialect.
There are also three side rooms on both sides of the five main rooms in Le Nongxuan. The left hand room is called Yongshou Zhai, and the right hand room is called Ping An Room. The door plaques are gone.
There are several wintersweet trees planted next to Le Nongxuan, which are famous characters in the Summer Palace when they bloom in spring. The one that blooms the most is the one behind the house on the south side, because under the tree is the septic tank of the public toilet. There are often tourists who enter the garden gate and ask around where is the winter plum in Lenongxuan? I told them the location of Le Nongxuan, and then told them that the most beautiful tree is in the smelliest place, you won't miss it.
From the steps next to the wintersweet tree, there are several rooms in front, similar in form to Lenongxuan.
The main room faces north, three rooms wide and one room deep, with a verandah in front. The door is opened in the Ming Dynasty, the walls and windows are silled in the second room, and the word "gong" is decorated with lattice flowers. On the top is a hard mountain top with gray tiles and single eaves rolling shed, red pillars and green squares, and Soviet-style paintings on the square beams. There is an ear room on each side of the main room. This is Zizaizhuang. It was not built during the period of Qingyi Garden, but was built when the Summer Palace was rebuilt during the Guangxu period, which was about the same period as Wangyuanzhai. Now it is Ruyizhuang Bookstore, which sells books related to the Summer Palace.
The fork road opposite Zizaizhuang leads to a courtyard facing south.
The courtyard looks very beautiful from the outside, in front of it is a formal one hall and one coupon hanging flower gate. This time the gate pier is called the square box style, and there are stone lions on the square box. The stone carvings on the front are plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, which symbolize the four virtues of a gentleman: pride, seclusion, firmness, and indifference. The stone inscription on the side is a map of the river presented by the dragon and horse. It is said that Fuxi compiled the gossip according to the map of the river presented by the dragon and the horse. The river is the Galaxy, not the Yellow River. The picture presented by the dragon and horse implies the auspiciousness of the sage. Both the newspaper drum and the square box are door piers made in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and they can only be installed in front of officials' houses. Civil officials use square boxes, military officials use newspaper drums, and stone lions can be worn for the second rank and above. No matter how much money the common people have, they can only install door sleepers. Rich people can carve flowers on the door sleeper stones, and those who have no money can use plain door sleeper stones, or just a piece of door sleepers. There are various relief stone carvings on the gate pier, symbolizing various auspiciousness. After the Republic of China, rich people began to pretend to be gatekeepers. Without the emperor, it is not considered arrogance. You can see many stone sleepers in the Summer Palace. Take a look at the door sleepers of ordinary people’s houses in Beijing’s Hutongs.
There are all kinds of leaky windows on the courtyard walls on both sides of the vertical flower gate, and there are painted paintings on the leaky windows. Under the eaves of the door hangs a plaque inscribed by Cixi "Yishou Hall".
Inside the door is a circle of Chaoshou veranda.
This is a well-formed courtyard.
Look at the principal room.
The main house has a one-and-a-half foot green brick platform, five rooms wide and one room deep, with open doors in the open room, sill walls and windows in the second room and the tip room. On the top is a hard mountain top with beams and gray tiles and a single-eave rolling shed. There is a corridor with eaves in the front and three buildings in the back. The red pillars are green and the beams are painted in Su style. In the Ming Dynasty, go out all the way to step on the vertical belt. A plaque of "Songchunzhai" is hung under the eaves, with Cixi's handwriting.
Because there are five main rooms, the courtyard is very spacious. In the countryside, although landowners have money, they still need to save money. There are often only three main rooms in the courtyard of the landowner's house, and the east and west wing rooms are pushed forward, which can reduce the area of the yard and save land money. The result of this is that the side rooms block half of the secondary rooms of the main room, and the courtyard is particularly aggrieved, as shown below.
The emperor's house has a lot of land, and the East and West Wings of Yishou Hall not only do not move forward, but also move back, and move to the door. As a result, a corner corridor can be installed between the main room and the wing room. The three wing rooms in the east and west also have front eaves corridors, and there is a complete veranda in the yard. Take a look at the East Wing of Yishou Hall. There is a wisteria trellis in front of the East Wing. You can see how spacious the yard is.
Check out the West Wing.
The West Wing is the same as the East Wing, with a one-and-a-half foot green brick platform, three rooms wide and one deep, with a verandah in front. On the top is a hard mountain top with gray tiles and single-eave rolling sheds, red pillars and green squares, and Soviet-style paintings. In the Ming Dynasty, go out all the way to step on the vertical belt. There are doors along the wall under the corner corridors on both sides of the East and West Wings, which are called axillary doors according to that position. Don't think that it leads to the east and west courtyards. Behind them is an ear room on each side of the east and west wing rooms.
Yishou Hall was also built during the Guangxu period. It was used as an imperial pharmacy, and it was the Summer Palace Clinic of Taiyuan Hospital. Because there are imperial doctors sitting here to see patients and help people prolong their lives, this hospital is titled "Yishou Hall".
Yishou Hall is now an exhibition, and the title of the exhibition is written on the sign in front of the Chuihua Gate. Displaying some cultural relics and events of a very important day in modern Chinese history makes Yishou Hall a witness to history. There are also chanting and harmony between poets, which is still very exciting when rereading it today. The content of this exhibition requires everyone to see it in person, and I cannot detail it here. After that day's activities, Mr. Liu Yazi lived in Yishou Hall. Yishoutang also became a nursing home. It was not until 2014 that Beijing closed down a number of halls and halls that Yishoutang reopened after renovation.
After exiting Yishou Hall and continuing to walk up the mountain, you will see a courtyard not far away, surrounded by green brick parapets.
There is no enclosed house with two sides like Changguantang in this yard, but only a large building facing south.
This is King Fook Court. Jingfu Pavilion sits on a two-foot-high green brick platform, five rooms wide and one room deep, with three open pavilions in the front and three huts in the back, surrounded by a circle of verandahs. The interior is made of gold bricks, the door is opened in the open room, and the walls and windows are sills and windows at the top of the second room, with brocade lattice flowers every step of the way. Red pillars and green squares, Su-style painted, peony flowers flat chess ceiling.
The upper part is a beam-lifting structure, and three coupons are hooked together to build a gray tile single-eave rolling shed to rest on the top of the mountain. There are lintels between the eaves and pillars.
Go to the front and have a look.
Under the eaves of the open room, there is a plaque of "Jingfu Pavilion", inscribed by Empress Dowager Cixi. There is a Jingfu Palace in the Ningshou Palace area of the Forbidden City. I once mentioned the origin of the word "Jingfu" in the Forbidden City post. There is a pair of couplets hanging on the corridor pillars in the open hall of Jingfu Pavilion: The dense shadows and thousands of chapters here directly suspect Huang Yue is near, and the five colors of Xiangwen and its light are on par with Zixiao. In the first couplet, Qianzhang means a thousand big trees, and Tang Dufu had "a hundred hectares of wind pool, a thousand chapters of Xia Muqing". Huangyue is Huangshan. Xiangwen in the second line is Xiangyun, and Wen is a cloud with patterns. Zixiao means the heavenly palace, and Baozhao in the Southern Qi Dynasty once praised Lushan Mountain as "the green mist on the left and right, and the purple sky on the outside and inside".
This place was a hexagonal two-story Buddhist building in the period of Qingyi Garden, called Epiphyllum Pavilion. The courtyard is also hexagonal, with six archway gates, and two prayer flag columns on the front of the Epiphyllum Pavilion. These buildings were all destroyed in the catastrophe in the tenth year of Xianfeng. When it was rebuilt during the Guangxu period, it was originally planned to build a hexagonal Buddha building. We saw the design drawing of Style Lei last time in the Water Exercise School of the Gengzhitu Scenic Area.
In the picture above, there are still pillar foundations left over from the ruins of the Epiphyllum Pavilion in the water exercise school. It can be seen that the Epiphyllum Pavilion is an attic with various styles. When the Summer Palace was rebuilt during the Guangxu period, money and food were short, and it was unable to rebuild the high pavilion, so only one floor of the palace could be built. The original plinths were preserved, and some plinths were picked up from other ruins in the back mountain for reuse, so the reconstructed Jingfu Pavilion was replaced with a plinth-shaped plinth. It can be seen that the plinths in the Changxuan are new and old, which may be the difference between the Qianlong and Guangxu years. The eaves pillars of Changxuan Mingjian are very special. One circle and the other stand close together, which are called joint pillars.
See what's propped up above.
You can see that the top beams of these two pillars are supported by square pillars at one end, but not at the other end. This square column should be for aesthetics only. Look at the base of the column under this opposite column, it should be different from the others.
This is called joint pillar foundation, and one pillar foundation handles both square and round pillars. The fineness is quite new, "Great Qing Guangxu year system".
When Jingfu Pavilion goes out of the building, it looks like a "ten", which is different from the hexagonal shape of Epiphyllum Pavilion. As a result, they also built the fence around the yard into a "ten" shape. No matter what trees were planted around, a white bark pine was planted in the four corners of the yard.
In the past, standing on the epiphyllum loft to watch the landscape, the scenery must be excellent. Standing here now, you can only see half of the water sky.
Jingfu Pavilion is not far from Le Shoutang. It is said that the Empress Dowager Cixi will come here to pay homage to the Cowherd and Weaver Girl on the Qixi Festival. I guess she wants to see if there is a shadow of Yi Chi (reading the will) on the magpie bridge. Why do you want to see Yi Chi? Because she didn't quietly be the queen mother according to Yi Chi's will, but jumped out to mess with the government. She wanted to tell Yi Chi that our son Zai Chun was short-lived, and I put my nephew Zai Tian (Nian Zitian) on the dragon chair. I really wanted to be my nephew's master. In addition to the memorial ceremony, it is said that Cixi also came here to look up at the sky and the moon from time to time.
Since Lao Gan built the Epiphyllum Pavilion here back then, he must have written some small poems for the Epiphyllum Pavilion, one of which said: Tiao Yutangtang is a man who is the only one in the Three Realms. The flower lotus is on the Qingzhu Pavilion, and the west of the bliss is not different. From this, it can be seen that the three saints of the West in the Paradise of Ultimate Bliss were enshrined in this Buddha building back then, that is, Amitabha Buddha, Guanyin Bodhisattva and Mahasthamaprapta Bodhisattva.
Although Cixi was literate and had read a few books, important inscriptions had to be written by someone else. Not to mention competing with the ancients in terms of poetry and songs, she is even inferior to that self-righteous brother Hongli. She must not be able to write poems for these newly-built landscapes in the Summer Palace. That Xiaoguang was shut up in the Yulan Hall in the Summer Palace and was sullen every day, let alone going to the mountains to write poems. Therefore, the new buildings in the Summer Palace are not suitable for poems. Don't think Cixi is ashamed of poetry, but she has a passage handed down. It was a sad poem she wrote for her mother's 60th birthday: the love between parents is the most true in the world, and tears and blood melt into the bodies of children. Dedicated to being a son, pity the hearts of parents all over the world! You see, parents all over the world can still remember the last sentence.
Jingfuge is desolate in winter, but there is warm sunshine everywhere.
When the flowers bloom in the warm spring, Jingfu Pavilion will be surrounded by flowers.
One flower, one tree, one season of spring, a hundred flowers, a hundred trees, a hundred gardens. The remaining snow has faded away, new shoots are emerging, and willows are green on the embankment of green waves. There are new flowers in front of the door, and Tai Chi dances in the corridor.
After the flowers are gone, all the boxers still come to Jingfuge to exercise in summer.
Looking at the Longevity Mountain from Kunming Lake, there is a golden dome in the middle, and the Dabaoen Yanshou Temple goes all the way up, and the highest point is the Buddhist Incense Pavilion. On both sides of Foxiang Pavilion, there are two halls of Fuhua and Xiefang; in the distance, there is Pavilion of Epiphyllum on the left, and on the right, there are two architectural spots in the middle of the painting, both of which are two-story attics. After it was rebuilt during the reign of Emperor Guangxu, a pavilion on the left hand side of Foxiang Pavilion was lost, and the landscape of the entire Longevity Hill was slightly lacking.
Going up from Jingfu Pavilion, along the imperial road on the mountain ridge, a pavilion appears among the trees.
Step up and take a look.
This is Huiting (Nianhuiting) just after refueling. Hui means deep grass and dense forest. In the "Book of Songs", there is a saying "Hui Xi Wei Xi, Nanshan Chaoyue".
Go to the south side and look at the front.
This is also a newly built pavilion when the Summer Palace was rebuilt during the Guangxu period. It is a double hexagonal conjoined pavilion and the only conjoined pavilion in the Summer Palace. The two pavilions are square pavilions with six pillars, red pillars and green squares, painted in Su style. There are lintels up and down between the pillars, and there are doors on the east and west sides. The above are all gray tiles with raised beams, single eaves and hexagonal pointed roofs, and gray bricks supporting terraces and ridge brakes. Look at the colorful paintings on the top of the columns, beams and purlins, and the original works of the Qing Dynasty are still preserved.
See how the inside of the roof is connected.
It turns out that the two pavilions share a beam and purlin on the top of the column, and four corner beams on both sides are crossed on the common beam and purlin, which looks simple and clear. There are also more complex conjoined pavilions. There is a conjoined pavilion next to the Hefeng Pavilion of Yongning Pavilion in Beijing Shiyuan Park. It is two square pavilions with four corners nested together obliquely. This form is called "Fangsheng". The Fangsheng shape of two quadrilaterals nested together is very common, but it is rarely used in architecture. The roof of the Fangsheng Pavilion in the Shiyuan Park is made of bucket arches and beams. The roof structure is quite complicated. Take a look.
Pass Huiting and continue to go up, there is an intersection ahead. From this intersection, there are different royal roads leading to the front or back of the mountain. I'll go to the mountains first and have a look. Walking to the middle of the mountain, a section of remnant wall appeared under the shade of trees.
Behind the wall is a piece of architectural ruins.
This is the ruins of Huacheng Pavilion. Judging from these remnants, the Huacheng Pavilion in the Qingyi Garden period is quite a quiet and elegant place. It is a group of buildings, including Buddha Hall, Duobao Glazed Pagoda, Huacheng Pavilion and Liujianzhai. Because on the back slope of Longevity Hill, Huacheng Pavilion faces north like other back hill buildings. In front of it is a half-circle veranda, and the center of the veranda faces the horoscope ladder of Huacheng Pavilion Buddha Hall.
The Buddha Hall is on the platform above the climbing ladder. The tiger skin stones on the climbing ladder and the diamond wall of the platform were pasted during renovations in previous years. Go up the ladder and look back.
Looking at the remnant stone at the door, it is a pillar stone, indicating that there is an archway here, which may be a wooden archway with two towering pillars and a single floor like the eight-character ladder climbing the archway in the Qianshan Tibetan Scripture Building.
Under the backlight in the early morning, standing on the top of the ladder and looking into the yard, there is a monster in the center of the front yard.
It turned out to be a Taihu stone covered with glass.
This Taihu stone is different from other stand-alone Taihu stones in the garden. It is a mountain-shaped stack of several large and small pieces, just like a bonsai. Judging from its shape, quality, holes and orifices, it should be the remains of Genyue from Beihai Park. The most amazing thing is the relief on the pedestal of the Taihu Stone, in which there are various mythical beasts appearing in the churning sea water.
The one with wings is Yinglong. There are wings called Yinglong, who helped the Yellow Emperor kill Chiyou.
This is the Bixi (reading the dead play) of the stele.
This is the dragon horse presenting the river map.
There is a unicorn on the head, which is the dragon son Bi An (read and kill me).
The hornless dragon is called Chilong (Nian Chilong), which is fireproof and drains water. The ridge of the roof and the faucet for drainage are all from this king.
Entering the archway gate is the first-level platform, and the east and west sides are side halls.
Judging from the remnants of the platform foundation, the two side halls are three rooms wide and one room deep, with eaves and corridors in front, and steps hanging from the front along the way. Judging from the positions of the bases and courtyard walls, the palace buildings in the past should have open doors in the open room without passing through the hall, sill walls and sill windows in the second room, and three solid walls;
Turn around the Taihu Stone, and the next level is the platform of the main hall.
Check out the remains of the main hall.
The main hall is also three rooms wide and one room deep, but the bay and depth are larger than the east and west side halls. There is also an eaves porch in front, with steps hanging down all the way. From this appearance, the shape of the main hall should be the same as that of the east and west side halls, which is one size bigger. In order to show that this place used to be a Buddhist hall, some residual stones were piled up under the gable behind the main hall, indicating that this was a Buddhist niche.
After reading these remnants, I was about to walk down the platform of the main hall when I suddenly found this on both sides of the steps on the platform of the main hall.
This is the capstone at the entrance of the platform, without the double pillars of the Mingtai, this should be the capstone of the stone pillar. Explain that there used to be a brick wall in front of the platform of the main hall and stone pillars at the entrance. There should also be such a pillar stone under the pillar stone on the eight-character ladder.
It is said that under the eaves of this main hall, there was once a plaque of "lotus seat with clouds" and a bronze statue of Guanyin Bodhisattva in the hall. If the main hall is dedicated to Avalokitesvara, who is the supporting hall dedicated to? I guess Laogan would not invite the God of Wealth, Guan Gong, and Laojun into the Guanyin Temple in Qingyi Garden. The three great masters and Bodhisattvas should be enshrined in this Buddhist hall. The left side hall is Manjusri Bodhisattva, and the right side hall is Samantabhadra Bodhisattva.
The half-circle veranda under the horoscope ladder in front of the Buddhist hall should be a garden veranda like a promenade. You can see that it is all square columns.
This verandah leads eastwards to a cottage.
There are also remnants of a palace behind this hut.
You can see a whitewashed wall on the hillside, and I walked into Huachengge Courtyard from the whitewashed wall along the Houshan Yulu. After passing the whitewashed wall, you can see the palace behind the hut.
Then you can walk down a section of stacked stone steps, which can also be called cloud steps, and there is the back of the palace. Through that hut, you can walk into the circular veranda, and you can also walk to the front of the palace. That hut has no doors and windows, just a dark road, maybe it's a simulated cave?
The scale and shape of this hall are comparable to those of the side hall of the Buddha Hall. It is not clear whether there is a door between the side gable and the cave hut. It sits north and faces south, and it is also three rooms wide and one room deep, with a verandah in front. In front of the hall, there is a landscape of stacked stones and rockery, which means that this house is a mountain fasting.
Look at the cave hut again, with a flat roof and a low wall around it. It is very similar to the courtyard gate of the Huacheng Pavilion courtyard. There must have been a pavilion on the top as the gatehouse. Although it cannot be called Chengguan, this small black house can be called a gate, which makes sense this time.
According to the articles of the Qing Dynasty, this place was originally a two-story building, and Lao Gan inscribed it as Liujianzhai, and there must be a plaque of "Liujianzhai" under the eaves of the Mingjian in the south. It is said that Lao Gan used this place as a study, and he called all the cottages in the garden study, in fact, he just rested there and drank tea. Laogan once wrote a few poems about Liujianzhai: Man Xifang Feile apricot, Donghuang category is Zhentao. Although Shanzhai is different from Jianglou, it is also Qi Zi'an Xu Yuhao.
When "Jianglou" and "Zi'an Xu" are mentioned, Zi'an must be referring to Wang Zi'an, who is Wang Bo from the Tang Dynasty. Wang Bo did write a preface to Jianglou, which is quite famous. Although I couldn't memorize it, I knew it was "Preface to the Pavilion of King Teng". In Wang Bo's essays, there are "four beauties, two difficult to combine" between the transformation of the two phases. The context does not explain what the four beauties and the two difficulties refer to. Before him, Xie Lingyun in the Eastern Jin Dynasty's Preface to the Collection of Poems Imitating Wei Prince Ye used to have "a good day in the world, beautiful scenery, pleasing to the eye, and joy, the four are difficult to combine." Wang Bo classified beautiful scenery on a good day into one category, and pleasing to the eye into another category. He said that it is difficult to have good natural conditions such as time and scenery, and to be happy and everything goes well. So after he said "look poorly" and "extremely entertaining", he immediately followed up with the sentence "when happiness is exhausted and sadness comes, there are countless knowledge". Laogan reads without seeking a deep understanding. Wang Bo classified Xie Lingyun's four difficulties into two types of difficulties, and Laogan understood it as four plus two, and came up with six.
This veranda leads eastward to Liujianzhaimenguan, and westward leads to another house, and now there are only relics left.
This is Huacheng Pavilion, and this building is named after this pavilion. Judging from the ruins, the Huacheng Pavilion sits west and faces east. It is also three rooms wide and one room deep, with a verandah in front. Since it is a pavilion, it should be at least the second floor from the outside. It is said that there was only one layer on this platform back then, and another layer was built along the cliff at the back. From the side of the veranda, there is only one floor, but the second floor can only be seen on the west side of the hillside. There are basically no traces of the second floor under the west side of the hillside. The dark layer between the two floors of the double-faced pavilion must be on the side of the lower second floor, and the dark layer cannot be seen on the veranda side. This Huacheng Pavilion should be the same as the Zhuxin Building in Harmony Fun Garden. Now some hotels are built on the top of the cliff along the cliff, called the deep pit hotel. I once stayed in a hotel like this in Sanyou Dongkou, Yichang. There is also a deep pit hotel in Shanghai. Take a look at this Huacheng Pavilion, this is the originator of Shenkeng Hotel.
The open room of Huacheng Pavilion is closed by sills, walls, sills and windows. The door on the left opens, and there are steps leading to the courtyard of the Buddha Hall; the door on the right leads to a small courtyard. To the north of the small courtyard is a pagoda courtyard facing south, and there is also a horoscope ladder in front of the gate.
The pagoda courtyard has been closed for many years, and beyond the fence in front of the gate, you can see an archway at the gate of the courtyard, and a glazed pagoda inside the courtyard.
Look at this archway, the first floor of the two towering pillars. The archway that was destroyed in front of the Buddha Hall should also be like this, that is to say, there are two towering archways in the courtyard of Huacheng Pavilion.
The pagoda yard is closed, so of course you can't get in. But it doesn't matter, there is a path outside the west wall of the pagoda courtyard.
Along this path, you can go to the back of the pagoda courtyard and stand on the high slope to admire the pagoda.
I can't see the base of the tower, but it should be a white marble xumizuo. This multi-treasure glazed pagoda is quite exquisite, with an octagonal three-story pavilion, with double eaves on the first and second floors, and a mezzanine here; and a triple eaves and octagonal spire on the third floor. This pavilion tower has three floors in appearance, but it is actually five floors. Because of the seven-story eaves, many people call it a seven-story pagoda, but in fact it should be called a three-story pavilion tower. There is also an octagonal glazed pagoda on the mountain behind Zhao Temple in Xiangshan Mountain. There is a pagoda hall under the glazed pagoda. It is a real seven-story pagoda, but each floor has a single eaves.
This glazed pagoda is a structure imitating wooden bucket arches and lifting beams. There is a circle of handrails on each floor, and a lotus seat under the railings. There are Buddhist niches in the southeast and northwest of each floor, and the outer walls are also covered with small Buddhist niches. There are Buddha statues in the Buddhist niches, all made of colored glaze. The eaves and pillars of each floor are different, and the color of the eaves is also different. The upper and lower floors are yellow, and the middle floors are blue and green. Look at the Tasha on the top.
The Tasha is quite gorgeous, with a double-layer canopy, twenty-one golden bells hung on the lower canopy, and a big golden bell on the upper canopy. The top brake tip is a three-fold four-strand tin rod head. I guess there should be rings on each strand at the beginning, I don’t know if it is twelve rings. The four strands and twelve rings represent the four truths and twelve causes and conditions of Buddhism. The most advanced tin rod in the world is the four-strand twelve-ring gold and silver tin rod unearthed from the underground palace of Famen Temple in Shaanxi, known as the king of tin rods. The Tasha of this glazed pagoda is entirely made of copper and gold, and it must have been shining brightly when it was brand new. When the wind blows, many wall clocks and rings on the head of the tin staff make a loud sound, which amazes the world.
Opposite the figure-of-eight ladder, there is also something covered by glass.
This is a stele. I went up and looked at it. It is called "Ode to the Duobao Pagoda on the Imperial Longevity Mountain". The special feature of this stele is its stele hat, which is not the common double dragon, but a Pilu hat. The front is bilingual in Manchu and Chinese, and the back is bilingual in Mongolian and Tibetan.
It turns out that this pagoda is called Duobao Buddha Pagoda, that is, "Duobao Buddha Glazed Pagoda". Duobao Buddha is found in the "Lotus Sutra", also known as Duobao Tathagata, and is the leader of the Oriental Baojing World. In order to prove the authenticity of the "Lotus Sutra", when someone sincerely recites the "Lotus Sutra", Duobao Buddha will emerge from the pagoda and appear. ". According to Lao Gan, there should be two Buddha statues in the Duobao Stupa, the left hand should be Sakyamuni Tathagata, and the right hand should be Duobao Tathagata. Now I can't get in, I can't see the inside, I don't know if that's the case. Laogan also said that "one pagoda with hundreds of billions of Buddhas is as wonderful as it is", which means that Duobao Buddha is divided into infinite Buddhas, and infinite Buddhas are divided into countless Buddhas, just like the sand in the Ganges River. Therefore, there are countless small niches with Buddha statues on the pagoda, which means that Duobao Buddha has countless clones. The glazed hall on the top of Wanshou Mountain is dedicated to the immeasurable Buddha, and the countless small Buddha statues on the glazed wall outside the hall also represent the countless avatars of the immeasurable Buddha.
The courtyard of Huacheng Pavilion was burnt in the tenth year of Xianfeng, and only the Taihu stone in the courtyard of the Buddha Hall, the Duobao Buddha glazed pagoda and this stone tablet survived. When the Summer Palace was rebuilt during the Guangxu period, there were very few restoration projects on the back mountain. Huacheng Pavilion only restored the Duobao Buddha glazed pagoda. Don't look at Huacheng Pavilion as a ruin, in fact, there are quite a lot of mysteries here, huh?
Laogan come to Huacheng Pavilion to hang out. You can take the Royal Road on the top of the mountain and come down to Liujianzhai, or you can take a small road from the Royal Road in the back mountain to Huacheng Pavilion.
He once wrote a few poems in Huacheng Pavilion: Yuekuang planted a thousand-year-old tree early, and Yungou often bears four seasons of flowers. Why bother to bait Zhi to chain stones, Lingchen is where the immortals live. The meaning of "Huacheng Pavilion" is pointed out in the poem, which is "often inheriting the flowers of the four seasons". Yu Wenyu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty once said that "the jade bowl bears the flowers and falls, and the flowers fall in the bowl. The flowers are not gone, and the flowers are more fragrant when they contain wine." Lao Gan also said that the pavilion is wonderful: Huacheng Pavilion is in the east valley, and the space is open and secluded. Suddenly descending the steps, you will know how to go up and down the stairs. This hidden two-story pavilion is on the west edge of the Huacheng Pavilion complex. The old man is ignorant and calls his left hand "East".
There are several Yuanbao maple trees in the courtyard of Huacheng Pavilion. It is a very artistic place in the golden autumn season, and there are few people. The ancient maple on the broken wall, the blue sky and yellow leaves, there is nowhere to find the fragrance of pink clothes.
Coming down from Huacheng Pavilion, I want to see the Dragon King Pavilion in Dongtaohuagou, which was called Nanfang Pavilion in Qingyi Garden. After searching for a long time, I finally found a trace in the ditch. I don't know if it is the foundation of the Dragon King Pavilion in the past.
Suddenly I heard the sound of "dong dong" anvil, I followed the sound and saw a large woodpecker.
This is a professional team invited by the Summer Palace to protect the peeling areas of ancient trees in the garden to avoid further decay. Yes, nature protection is becoming more and more detailed now.
Since I couldn't find the Dragon King Pavilion, I turned around and walked over the mountain ridge to the eastern foot of Qianshan. Follow the imperial road and you will come to a pavilion.
This is a hexagonal square pavilion, sitting on a hillside, with stone steps leading to its south side, and an imperial road on the east side. There are red pillars and green squares, and there are Su-style painted paintings on the square beams. The pavilion is decorated with peony flowers and flat chess ceilings, and there are upper and lower lintels between the pillars. On the top is a gray tile with raised beams, double eaves and hexagonal spires, and a covered bowl ridge brake on a brick-carved dew plate.
This is Han Xinting. Hanxin means that the grass and trees are newly developed and thriving. In the Tang Dynasty, Chu Guangxi had a sentence that "the river and the sea are in the first sight, and the vegetation contains new colors". Lao Gan wrote a poem to Hanxin Pavilion, saying: "There is more fun in the knot, and the step is to find the secluded place." The shade of the ancient trees and the group of hats are suitable for gazing. Kunming thinks of waves, and Wanshou looks like a mountain. Although the landlady hides wealth, she is brewing to move her mind. Finally, I said: Everything contains newness, and a pavilion is first to be wonderful.
In Laogan's poems, "Although the landlady hides wealth, it is brewing to move the gods", which is not for nothing. There are some Taihu stones around Hanxin Pavilion, which means "brewing and moving the gods".
Look at the thing standing in front of the Taihu Stone, it's not a pillar, but petrified wood! That is, "although the landlady hides wealth". Not only one, but also nah.
This one has a better wood grain.
Lao Gan is very fond of petrified wood, which is rich in underground treasures. He once brought such petrified wood back to the palace. In the flower bed in front of Jiangxuexuan in the Royal Garden, there is a petrified wood with beautiful wood texture, and Lao Gan wrote a poem on it.
After admiring the Hanxin Pavilion, go to see other architectural attractions on the Qianshan Mountain, and we will talk about it in the next episode.
(to be continued)
