Stroll through Xiangshan Temple
Autumn in Beijing is the most beautiful season. The autumn is high and crisp, the sky is high and the clouds are clear. Taking advantage of the sunny and sunny weather, you can just go - Xiangshan Temple in Xiangshan Park. Tickets for Xiangshan Park are 10 yuan, and Xiangshan Temple is free, closed on Mondays. Both bus and subway have Xiangshan Station. We took bus No. 563 to Xiangshan East Gate Station, got off and walked for a few minutes to Xiangshan East Gate.
The east gate of Xiangshan Park.
"Zhong Ling Yuxiu" archway.
Jingyi Garden "Qinzheng Palace".
On the south side of Qinzheng Hall, you can reach the scenic spot of Xiangshan Temple from the signboard of Xiangshan Park scenic spot on the south side of Qinzheng Hall.
A hand-painted copy of the general picture of Xiangshan Temple in Qing Dynasty.
Guide map of Xiangshan Temple after restoration and reconstruction.
Xiangshan Temple is built close to the mountain. It is well-proportioned, neat and magnificent. It used to be the crown of all temples in Xishan and one of the 28 scenic spots in Jingyi Garden. Xiangshan Temple was burnt down by the British and French Allied Forces in 1860 and the Allied Forces of Eight Powers in 1900, leaving only Chirakuhor, Tohomatsu, Sala Tree Imperial Monument, Shiping and other relics. On November 28, 2017, after 5 years of repair and reconstruction, the Xiangshan Temple Scenic Spot located in Xiangshan Park was officially opened, recreating the unique architectural pattern of the royal temple of "Front Street, Middle Temple, and Back Garden".
Go all the way south from the east gate of Xiangshan Park, pass a stone bridge, and follow the ancient stone road beside Jingcui Lake Road to Xiangshan Temple Scenic Area.
Entering the front street of Xiangshan Temple Scenic Area, the first thing that catches the eye is the stone carving of "Buying Street".
According to historical records, the Qing Dynasty was the most prosperous period for the development of Xiangshan Temple. Emperor Qianlong brought his mother and all civil and military officials here twice to celebrate the birthday of the Buddha. In order to let the royal family feel the fun of the market, this road is full of buying and selling shops run by eunuchs and maids in disguise, hence the name.
"The first tour of Xishan" has four pillars, three rooms and a third-floor archway, with eight front and back pillars.
Qianlong's imperial pen "The First Tour of Xishan".
The inside of the archway for the first tour of Xishan.
Qianlong imperial pen "Crown of the Capital".
The blue and white stone clamping stones of the archway pillars are exquisitely carved with banana leaf patterns, Badama (meaning "lotus petals" in Sanskrit), lianzhu, wishful clouds, and iron pockets to reinforce the clamping stones.
Walking along Xiangshan Temple Shopping Street, there is a square pool at the end with a stone bridge on it. This pool is the release pool, also known as the merit pool. Emperor Qianlong named it "Zhile Hao", which is one of the twenty-eight scenic spots in Jingyi Garden. "Zhile Hao" means "the Hao that knows the joy of fish", and its name is based on the allusion of Zhuangzi and Huizi's question and answer in "Zhuangzi·Autumn Water". It is one of the four cultural relics left after the Xiangshan Temple was burned down.
Overlook "Zhi Le Hao".
The "Xiangyun Ruzuo" archway is a four-pillar, three-room, three-floor soaring pillar-style archway, which is the beginning of the Zhongsi Scenic Area. From the shopping street of Xiangshan Temple to the archway outside Xiangyunruzuo, it belongs to Xiangshan Temple Front Street.
Qianlong imperial pen "Xiangyun" plaque
Xiangyun sits inside the archway.
Qianlong imperial pen "seat" plaque.
The opening schedule of Xiangshan Temple Scenic Area.
Entering the Zhongsi Scenic Area, there is a pole on both sides of the ancient stone road, and each pole can hang eight flags. Vertical characters can be seen on the banner, "Majority of the Land" and "Li Le Qing".
Climbing up the steps and going up two sections of stone steps can reach Jieyin hall.
The Jieyin Buddha Hall is the Shanmen Hall of Xiangshan Temple, a Xieshan-style building with a width of three rooms, and two sides are horoscope screen walls.
The gables on both sides of the Jieyin hall are connected to the horoscope shadow wall.
In the center of the screen wall is a pattern of nine baoxiang flowers (one of the three auspicious treasures) carved in brick.
On the front eaves of the gate of Jieyin Hall, there is a plaque of "Xiangshan Great Yong'an Temple" hanging.
The plaque of "Xiangshan Great Yong'an Temple" written by Emperor Qianlong
The standing statue of Amitabha Buddha is enshrined in the hall of Jieyin Buddha.
Above the front door of the Jieyin Hall, there is a poem plaque made by Emperor Qianlong.
Qianlong's "Xiangshan Temple Memorial Work"
Decadent Ning He listens to each other, and Huan Huan meets here again. It turns out that there is a way to do things, and what is the most important thing.
The five words belong to the dross, and the hibiscus are arranged on all sides. A kind of old and new, listening to the song before the order.
On the top of the back door in the reception hall, there is a poem plaque made by Emperor Qianlong.
Qianlong "Xiangshan Temple"
Winter came last year, and spring came last year. People only think about the past and the present, but the Buddha loses his heart.
Dharma milk gurgles in thousands of streams, smallpox fall in thousands of forests. Jie Pong listens to the law, and Fu Er is a bosom friend.
After passing the Jieyin Buddha Hall, and then stepping up forty-one stone steps, it is the platform of Tingfasong.
There is a towering ancient pine on both sides of the steps behind the Jieyin Hall. It is the only landscape named "Tingfa Pine" named after the plant by Emperor Qianlong among the 28 sceneries of Jingyi Garden. The one in the south is 25 meters high, and the one in the north is 20 meters high. Looking out from the Tianwang Hall, they seem to be listening to the old Buddhist master in the hall.
Emperor Qianlong named the ancient pine "Tingfa Song" by borrowing the story of the ancient stubborn stone listening to the scriptures and nodding.
The "Tingfa Pine" tree has a red label of a first-class famous tree and an ancient tree issued by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape Architecture (ancient trees over 300 years old are all first-class red signs).
After passing Tingfasong, stepping on seventeen stone steps is the Hall of Heavenly Kings.
"Tianwang Hall", also known as Maitreya Hall, is the first hall in Buddhist temples.
The "Tianwang Hall" is a Xieshan-style building. Maitreya Buddha is enshrined in the center of the hall, Wei Tuo is enshrined on the back, and four heavenly kings are enshrined on the left and right sides, namely, the Eastern King Chiguo, the Southern Zengtian King, the Western Guangmu Tianyi King, and the northern Duowen Heavenly King. . Couplet: Maitreya has no worries and a big belly to accommodate the affairs of the world, and all living beings are fortunate to accept the world's love with peace of mind.
Qianlong imperial pen "Palace of Heavenly Kings" plaque.
On the top of the front door in the Hall of Heavenly Kings, there is a plaque of poems made by Emperor Qianlong.
Qianlong's "Xiangshan Temple's Phantom Chant"
The dead wood is cold and the forest is covered with dawn, and the stone steps are light and winding. Yaofeng accumulates elements to divide the fragrance world, and the ancient temple grinds gold and offers great mercy.
If you don't go or come, it's like this, so there's no doubt if it's not the present or the past. Occasionally, I follow the same way as Xifu, and I teach myself two codes and three mos.
Above the back door of the Palace of Heavenly Kings, there is a plaque of poems made by Emperor Qianlong hanging.
Qianlong's "Twenty-Eight Scenery Poems of Jingyi Garden. Part 12. Xiangshan Temple"
The temple was built in the Dading period of Emperor Shizong of the Jin Dynasty. According to the rock frame and gully, it has five floors of the hall, reflecting the splendor of gold and jade. Looking at it from the bottom, the levels can be counted. The old name is Yong'an, also called Manna. Yu said that Xiangshan is located in Longmen in Luozhong, Bai Juyi took his own name, the name of the mountain is the same, that is, it is not allowed to use the famous temple on the mountain.
Yantang Chuanbao Realm, Luyuan Benxian District. Jiexia participated in Majie, and Nanli Manshu. Divide the tea and adjust the water, clear the food and fill Yipu. If you want to write a new sentence for the title, you can't think about the hue.
Exquisite painted patterns on the beams of the Temple of Heavenly Kings.
The auspicious beasts that ward off disasters and avoid evil are painted on the beams of the Heavenly King Hall.
After passing the Hall of Heavenly Kings, go up the stone steps and come to a platform.
On the north side of the ancient stone road, the stele of the song of the Sala tree: the stele made by Qianlong, the whole body of white marble, is now well preserved, with a regular shape and a square shape. The stele is engraved with inscriptions written by Qianlong. Engraved in Tibetan and Mongolian on the north side. In terms of direction arrangement, it is consistent with the geographical orientation of the nation it uses. It is one of the four cultural relics left after the Xiangshan Temple was burned down.
The top of the stele is the dragon's spine.
The south side of the stele is engraved with Chinese characters, the north side is carved with Mongolian characters, the east side is carved with Manchu characters, and the west side is carved with Tibetan characters.
The four sides at the bottom of the stele are carved with exquisite lotus thrones and Vajra Guardians.
The bell tower on the north side of the ancient road.
Drum Tower on the south side of the ancient road.
The Monument of Repaying Gratitude to Yong'an Temple in Xiangshan by Imperial Order This monument was erected in the 12th year of Zhengtong in the Ming Dynasty (1447), and it was set up by Fan Hong, the eunuch who was in charge of ceremonies. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Xiangshan Temple was expanded, and the stele was pushed down and buried. It was unearthed in June 1992 when the ruins of Xiangshan Temple were being cleaned up. At that time, the head of the stele, the body of the stele and the base of the stele were divided into three sections.
After a few stone steps, go up to a platform. On both sides of the ancient road, there is an octagonal building with a fusion of Chinese and Tibetan architectural styles—a mandala. Mandala, Sanskrit "mandala", is a circular or square field built in one's practice place to prevent the invasion of evil spirits during Tantric practice, symbolizing the origin of the universe.
In the mandala on the south side, Yamadaga was originally enshrined. It can subdue demons and has the power of protecting goodness. Now the original bronze statues in the South Mandala are displayed in the form of Thangka art.
In the mandala on the north side, the Shangle Vajra King Buddha, also known as Shengle Vajra, was originally enshrined.
Exquisite painted patterns on the beams on the top of the mandala gate. In the center is the six-character motto of Tibetan Buddhism, on both sides there are patterns of symbols such as the ten phases of Tibetan Buddhism, and below the center is a golden pattern of two dragons playing with pearls. The colorful painting embodies the architectural art style of the integration of Han and Tibetan in Xiangshan Temple.
The six-character proverb of Tibetan Buddhism: refers to the six characters "I, Ma, Ne, Ba, Mi, Coax." The literal translation is: This mantra is the subtle heart of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva. After reciting tens of thousands or billions of times, merits and virtues can be accumulated and liberation can be obtained.
Ten phases of freedom: It consists of 10 symbols (3 graphics and 7 Sanskrit letters). It has the highest sacred meaning and immense mysterious power.
The painted patterns on the beams on the top beams of the mandala windows are different from the painted patterns on the top of the gate. In the center is a golden pattern of two dragons playing with a bead, and below it is the six-character motto of Tibetan Buddhism.
From the mandala to the forty-five steps, it is the "Yong'an" archway with four pillars, three rooms and three floors.
"Yong'an" plaque written by Emperor Qianlong.
The inside of Yongan Archway.
Qianlong imperial pen "Manna" plaque. According to records, there were two temples in Ji'an and Xiangshan in the Tang Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the Yuan Dynasty and renamed "Ganlu Temple". It was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty and called "Yong'an" Zen Temple. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was expanded on the original site and granted the "Dayong'an" Zen Temple by the emperor.
On the south side of the archway is the Manjusri Hall.
The ancient cypress "Qiulong Umbrella" in front of Manjusri Hall.
On the north side of the archway is the Puxian Hall.
From the "Yong'an" archway platform, go up 15 steps to the "Yuan Ling Ying Xian Hall" platform.
Climbing up the stairs, a large stone screen stands in front of the hall of "Yuan Ling Ying Xian" on the platform. The big stone screen is more than 3 meters high and 6 meters wide, and it is made of white marble. The stone screen is divided into three sides by four screen pillars. The top of the stone screen is decorated with a semicircular upside-down golden wheel. The base of the stone screen is Xumizuo, which is carved with pictures and texts of lotus, which symbolizes cleanness, inaction, and innocence. It is one of the four cultural relics left after the Xiangshan Temple was burned.
Three pagoda-shaped patterns are engraved on the stone screen in front of the main hall, and each pattern is engraved with Buddhist classics, which are the "Vajra Prajna Paramita Sutra", "Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra", and "Eight Great People's Enlightenment Sutra" written respectfully by Emperor Qianlong. , The body of the tower is engraved with Buddha statues, flowers and other decorations, and its shape is quite unique. Only one side can still see the pagoda pattern, and the pagoda patterns in the other two stone screens have been weathered and blurred.
The couplets on the pillars on the stone screen: The flowers and rain lightly form the world of green lotuses, and the clouds and peaks bloom with white hair. The couplet on the stone screen column: the light of the wisdom mirror is round and macro six degrees, and the fragrance of the lotus in the heart is far away to perform the three vehicles.
The back of the stone screen. On the yin side, there are statues of Guanyin Bodhisattva, the ancient Buddha burning lamp, and Manjusri Bodhisattva with Qianlong's imperial pen, and are engraved with imperial praises.
Exquisitely Carved White Marble Lotus Xumizuo
"Yuan Ling Ying Xian Hall" is a glass-roofed hall building with seven rooms in width and three rooms in depth. It is the largest single building in Jingyi Garden. The "Yuan Ling Ying Xian Hall" is equivalent to the Daxiong Hall in ordinary temples, and is the main hall of Xiangshan Temple.
The third Buddha is enshrined on the altar in Yuanling Yingxian Hall. On both sides are seven-story octagonal immeasurable life towers. Eighteen Arhats are enshrined on Xumizuo on the north and south sides. Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva is enshrined behind the altar. Plaque couplet: Yifeng Accumulates Sufen Fragrance Realm, Ancient Temple Grinds Gold and Offers Great Mercy
The plaque of "Yuan Ling Ying Xian" is Qianlong's imperial pen. The golden plaque is extremely exquisite, and the plaque frame is carved with nine golden dragon frames (one is a sitting dragon, and eight are coiled dragons, in the shape of stars holding the moon).
The golden glazed tile roof and colorful glazed tile decoration patterns of Yuanling Yingxian Hall represent reincarnation in Buddhism.
The round spirit should appear on the top of the hall in the middle of the dragon ridge.
The brackets and cornices of Yuanling Yingxian Hall. The ridge beasts on the eaves are from left to right, riding a phoenix fairy, a dragon, a phoenix, a lion, a heavenly horse, a seahorse... and a glass beast with a vertical ridge.
The green glazed tiles and tiles on the eaves are decorated with dragons.
At the bottom of the outer wall of Xiangshan Temple, there are beautiful and practical flower brick carving air holes, which amazes the ingenuity of the ancients.
Yuanling should appear in the small scene on the south side of the hall.
On the west side of Yuanling Yingxian Hall, there is a cover gate in the north and south respectively. Entering the cover gate, you can reach the scenic spot of the back garden of Xiangshan Temple. On both sides of the cover door, there are stone couplets carved in Qianlong's calligraphy. The couplet on the cover door on the south side: the auspicious place appears with the body, and the nose is often visited with a clean fragrance
Couplets on the north side of the cover door: the court is full of green bamboos, and the court is full of green bamboos, and the white cloud is a dock to know the style of the clan
Climb up the nineteen steps, and you will come to the back garden area of Xiangshan Temple on the high platform behind Yuanling Yingxian Hall.
The first thing that catches the eye is the spacious hall with "wide horizons". The powder, oil and blue plaque of "wide horizons" in the imperial script of Qianlong hangs from the eaves to the east. On the top, it is connected with the tallest building "Qingxia Jiyi" in the back garden. The inner side of the corridor is connected by a pedal road, and it is feasible to reach the Shuiyue Kongming Hall.
"Wide Vision" is a Xieshan-style building with three couplets and an open hall, with couplets hanging on the outside: the imprint is full of subtleties, and it is refreshing to the eye.
Qianlong imperial brush "wide vision"
Exquisite painted patterns on the wide beams of the eye.
This is the most exciting part of the scenery of Xiangshan Temple. On the front is the most magnificent building of Xiangshan Temple - Fubu Xianglin Pavilion, surrounded by rockery on both sides of the back, and the corridor around the mountain on the outside.
Hebu Xianglin Pavilion is a three-storey hexagonal pavilion style pavilion. On the outer first floor of the pavilion, a plaque of "Xiebu Xianglin" is hung on the front eaves. Consecrate Amitayus Buddha, Baosheng Buddha and Lantern Buddha; the plaque of "Bright Lotus Realm" is hung outside the third floor, and Amitabha Buddha, Medicine Buddha, Secret Buddha, Shanglewang Buddha and Yamadaga Buddha are worshiped inside.
From top to bottom, Qianlong imperial pen plaque hanging on the front eaves of each floor of Hebu Xianglin Pavilion
Hebu Xianglin Pavilion side view
There are forty-six climbing corridors going up the back garden, and the inner side of the corridors is the mountain climbing path.
The interior painting of the climbing corridor.
Corridor exterior painting.
The architectural layout of Houyuan pavilions is from bottom to top: Hebu Xianglin Pavilion, Shuiyue Kongming Palace, and Qingxia Jiyi Building.
Among the pavilions is the Shuiyue Kongming Hall, where Emperor Qianlong used to drink tea and rest here.
Qingxia Jiyi Building is located at the highest point in the Houyuan District. It is a double-eaved Xieshan-style building with three rooms in one building. A plaque of "Qingxia Jiyi" is hung outside the lower hall, and five purple Buddhas and three bronze Buddhas are enshrined inside. ; the plaque of "Jiufeng Yunyong" is hung outside the upper hall, where you can have a panoramic view of the capital by leaning on the railing.
The Qianlong imperial pen plaque hanging from the top to bottom of the front eaves of Qingxia Jiyi Building.
The exquisite interior painting of the corridor of Qingxia Jiyi Building.
The colorful paintings on the beams of Qingxia Jiyi Building imply beauty and auspiciousness.
Leaning on the railing in front of Qingxia Jiyi Building, you can have a panoramic view of the capital.
Forty-six climbing corridors descending from the back garden.
Stroll along the scenic spot of Xiangshan Temple, along the ancient road paved with stone slabs and stone steps, go all the way up from the Maimai Street, the first tour of Xishan Archway, Zhilehao, Xiangyunzuo Archway, Jieyin Buddha Hall, Tianwang Hall, Mandala, Yongan Archway , Shiping, Yuanling Yingxian Hall, Eyes Wide, Hebu Xianglin Pavilion, Shuiyue Kongming Hall, Qingxia Jiyi Building, Huanshan Corridor and other temple buildings built on the mountain are like an ancient picture scroll, slowly displayed in front of people. The architectural style of the royal temple is closely integrated with the beautiful natural environment, which is amazing and makes people linger and forget to return.